Russian Cases

RUSSIAN CASES AND PERSONAL PRONOUNS

я (I) - ya

мы (we)- my

ты (you - singular)- ty

вы (you - plural) -vy

он (he) - on

онá (she) -ona

онó (it) - ono

они (they)- oni

Я, ты, мы, вы

Case	Singular		Plural
Nominative	я	ты	мы	вы
Genitive	меня	тебя	нас	вас
Dative	мне	тебе	нам	вам
Accusative	меня	тебя	нас	вас
Instrumental	мной	тобой	нами	вами
Prepositional	(обо) мне	(о) тебе	(о) нас	(о) вас

Он, она, оно, они

Case	Singular			Plural
Nominative	oн	oнa	oнo	oни
Genitive	его	её	его	их
Dative	ему	eй	ему	им
Accusative	его	её	его	их
Instrumental	им	ей, ею	им	ими
Prepositional	(о) нём	(о) ней	(о) нём	(о) них

The personal pronouns do not change by number, they belong to either singular or plural number. я, ты, он, она, оно are always singular. мы, вы, они are always plural.

All personal pronouns are used in all six cases.

The nominative: Именительный падеж
Мама спрашивает (Mom asks): «Кто это?» Who is this?
Сын отвечает (son answers): «Это я, ты, он, она (singular), мы, вы, они (plural)»

The Genitive: Родительный падеж
Мама спрашивает: «У кого есть книга?» Who has a book?
Cын отвечает: «У меня, у тебя, у него, у неё есть книга (singular), у нас, у вас, у них есть книга (plural)»

The Dative: Дательный падеж
Кому мама даёт книгу? To whom does mother give the book?
Мне, тебе, ему, ей (singular), нам, вам, им (plural) даёт мать книгу.

The Accusative: Винительный падеж
Кого спрашивает мама? Who does mother ask?
Меня, тебя, его, её (singular), нас, вас, их (plural) спрашивает мать.

The Insturmental: Творительный падеж
Кем довольна мама? With whom is pleased mother?
Мной, тобой, им, ей, ею (singular), нами, вами, ими (plural) довольна мать.

The Prepositional: Предложный падеж
О ком думает мама? About whom does mother think?
Обо мне, о тебе, о нём, о неё (singular), о нас, о вас, о них (plural) думает мать.

The Cases of Russian Nouns

In Russian language the nouns change their forms and get different endings. These forms (and their endings) are called cases. The case of a noun shows what role a noun plays in the sentence.

Now, let's look at an example of how the word поезд (train) changes depending on the case. The stressed vowels are underlined:

много поездов (a lot of trains) - the genitive
ехать поездом (to go by train) - the instrumental

There are six cases in Russian: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, and prepositional.

1. The nominative case answers the questions "who?" or "what?". It is an initial form. All dictionaries give nouns in the nominative.

Студент читает   The student is reading.

cтудент --> cтудент (no change)

2. The genitive case is used to show that something (somebody) belongs or refers to something (somebody). It can be translated by "of" in English.

берег реки   the bank of the river

река --> реки (the ending -a becomes -и)

3. The dative case designates that something is given or addressed to the person (object).

Я иду к врачу   I go to the doctor
Я даю это другу   I give it to the friend

врач --> врачу (the ending -у is added)
друг --> другу

4. The accusative case designates the object of an action.

Я читаю газету   I read the newspaper
Я встретил друга   I met the friend

газета --> газету (the ending -а becomes -у)
друг --> друга (the ending -а is added)

5. The instrumental case is used to denote an instrument that helps to make something.

Я пишу карандашом   I write with a pencil

карандаш --> карандашом (the ending -ом is added)

6. The prepositional case is used to designate a place, or a person (object) that is an object of speech and thought. This case is always used with a preposition.

Она мечтает о лете   She dreams about the summer
Цветы стоят на столе   The flowers are on the table

лето --> лете (the ending -о becomes -е)
стол --> столе (the ending -е is added)

Very often the case of a noun is connected with a preposition which stands before it.

Russian Metro Services

Banana

This is interesting.
After reading this, you'll never look at a banana in the same way again.

Bananas contain three natural sugars - sucrose, fructose and glucose combined with fiber. A banana gives an instant, sustained and substantial boost of energy.
Research has proven that just two bananas provide enough energy for a strenuous 90-minute workout. No wonder the banana is the number one fruit with the world's leading athletes.
But energy isn't the only way a banana can help us keep fit. It can also help overcome or prevent a substantial number of illnesses and conditions, making it a must to add to our daily diet.



Depression: According to a recent survey undertaken by MIND amongst people suffering from depression, many felt much better after eating a banana. This is because bananas contain tryptophan, a type of protein that the body converts into serotonin, known to make you relax, improve your mood and generally make you feel happier. 

PMS: Forget the pills - eat a banana. The vitamin B6 it contains regulates blood glucose levels, which can affect your mood.
 
Anemia: High in iron, bananas can stimulate the production of hemoglobin in the blood and so helps in cases of anemia.
 
Blood Pressure: This unique tropical fruit is extremely high in potassium yet low in salt, making it perfect to beat blood pressure. So much so, the US Food and Drug Administration has just allowed the banana industry to make official claims for the fruit's ability to reduce the risk of blood pressure and stroke.

Brain Power: 200 students at a Twickenham (Middlesex) school ( England ) were helped through their exams this year by eating bananas at breakfast, break, and lunch in a bid to boost their brain power. Research has shown that the potassium-packed fruit can assist learning by making pupils more alert.
 
Constipation: High in fiber, including bananas in the diet can help restore normal bowel action, helping to overcome the problem without resorting to laxatives.
 
Hangovers: One of the quickest ways of curing a hangover is to make a banana milkshake, sweetened with honey. The banana calms the stomach and, with the help of the honey, builds up depleted blood sugar levels, while the milk soothes and re-hydrates your system.
 
Heartburn: Bananas have a natural antacid effect in the body, so if you suffer from heartburn, try eating a banana for soothing relief.
 
Morning Sickness: Snacking on bananas between meals helps to keep blood sugar levels up and avoid morning sickness.
 
Mosquito bites: Before reaching for the insect bite cream, try rubbing the affected area with the inside of a banana skin. Many people find it amazingly successful at reducing swelling and irritation.

Nerves: Bananas are high in B vitamins that help calm the nervous system.

Overweight and at work? Studies at the Institute of Psychology in Austria found pressure at work leads to gorging on comfort food like chocolate and chips. Looking at 5,000 hospital patients, researchers found the most obese were more likely to be in high-pressure jobs. The report concluded that, to avoid panic-induced food cravings, we need to control our blood sugar levels by snacking on high carbohydrate foods every two hours to keep levels steady.
 
Ulcers: The banana is used as the dietary food against intestinal disorders because of its soft texture and smoothness. It is the only raw fruit that can be eaten without distress in over-chronicler cases. It also neutralizes over-acidity and reduces irritation by coating the lining of the stomach.
 
Temperature control: Many other cultures see bananas as a "cooling" fruit that can lower both the physical and emotional temperature of expectant mothers. In Thailand , for example, pregnant women eat bananas to ensure their baby is born with a cool temperature.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD): Bananas can help SAD sufferers because they contain the natural mood enhancer tryptophan.
 
Smoking &Tobacco Use: Bananas can also help people trying to give up smoking.. The B6, B12 they contain, as well as the potassium and magnesium found in them, help the body recover from the effects of nicotine withdrawal..
 
Stress: Potassium is a vital mineral, which helps normalize the heartbeat, sends oxygen to the brain and regulates your body's water balance. When we are stressed, our metabolic rate rises, thereby reducing our potassium levels.. These can be rebalanced with the help of a high-potassium banana snack..
 
Strokes: According to research in The New England Journal of Medicine, eating bananas as part of a regular diet can cut the risk of death by strokes by as much as 40%!
 
Warts: Those keen on natural alternatives swear that if you want to kill off a wart, take a piece of banana skin and place it on the wart, with the yellow side out. Carefully hold the skin in place with a plaster or surgical tape!

So, a banana really is a natural remedy for many ills. When you compare it to an apple, it has four times the protein, twice the carbohydrate, three times the phosphorus, five times the vitamin A and iron, and twice the other vitamins and minerals. It is also rich in potassium and is one of the best value foods around So maybe its time to change that well-known phrase so that we say, "A banana a day keeps the doctor away!"

Embrace life without Fear.

Sweating palms. Rapid breathing. Racing heartbeat. 

Symptoms all too familiar to you, yes, of course, these are the reactions we face as be face fear in our lives. Twice of many women as men panic attacks and panic disorders. 

Lets get a grip with these easy-piecy steps:

Talk yourself through. No matter how uncomfortable, fear is just a feeling.
It will not harm you and it will surely pass off.

Figure it out. When fear hits us without apparent reason, understanding its origins lessens its intensity.
Panic, usually hits several weeks or months after a major life event, after a physical stressor or even with hormone fluctuationing circumstances.

Face it. Avoiding it only makes fear worse to dealt with. Fear usually lessens each time we face the situation and get through it safely.

Stick to your routine. Doing familiar task reassures us with our comfort.
Something we already know is always less intimidating.

Do something about it. Doing what we can to prevent fear from hitting us is very practical, or we can also try to lessen the impact it will leave us with. If, for example, you fear losing your job, focus on your job performance and on adding your savings account instead.

Take a break. If you need to take a break, go ahead, stay occupied with restful, productive activities, like puzzles, knitting or even plan a vacation as in jungle trekking or island hopping.

Hope this could bring some benefit to everyone especially you... <3

Question: Im confused about painkillers. What should I take & when ?

Painkillers or medically known as analgesic are drugs for treatment of reducing pain.

There is no magic bullets so keep the peace triumvirate of aspirin, paracetamol and ibuprofen to hand.
Aspirin is effective for general pain, while ibuprofen is particularly good for inflammation, but both can irritate the stomach.
Paracetamol is very safe in correct doses and can also be taken with ibuprofen or aspirin.
However, be ware of Codeine, it can cause drowsiness as well as increasing the effect of alcohol. Speaking of which, for hangovers, effervescent paracetamol and ibuprofen with a pint of water is your best plan of attack.

Here is a comparison table summary of popular pain medication. The pain relievers below were ranked by effectiveness for chronic back pain, by a Harvard Study. Each pain medication was rated for effectiveness on a scale of from 1 (aspirin) to 10 (morphine).

Painkiller Comparison Chart From Weakest to Strongest
.    1. OVER - THE - COUNTER (OTC) Pain Medicine
Brand Name (Capitalized)	generic name (not capitalized)	Dose (per pill)	PAIN RELIEF SCORE	Uses According to Label	Best Uses (according to Consumer's Guide)	Problems Caused
Anacin Bayer Bufferin Ecotrin	aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) NSAID	81 mg 325 mg	1	Minor aches, pains cold, headache, muscular ache	minor aches and pains	aspirin allergy, asthma, stomach bleeding, Reye's Syndrome
Anacin non Excedrin Tylenol	acetaminophen (N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide)	500 mg	2	Headache	fever, if allergic to aspirin, arthritis, rheumatism, musculo-skeletal	June 2009, again 7-04-06- Tylenol Liver Damage "Tylenol is the No. 1 cause of acute liver failure in the U.S." "[Acetaminophen] is a leading cause of death from pharmaceuticals,"
Vanquish	Combination of aspirin (NSAID), and acetaminophen	325 mg 500 mg	2.25	Headache Muscle ache	headache	same as above not for children and teens
Advil Motrin Nuprin	ibuprofen (2-(4-Isobutyl-phenyl)- propionic acid) (analgesic, antipyretic) NSAID	200 mg	2.5	Aches, pains, colds, toothache, muscle aches, backache, menstrual, fever	fever, muscle ache	aspirin allergy, asthma, upset stomach, not for last trimester
Aleve Naproxen	naproxen sodium (anti-inflammatory) NSAID	220 mg	3	Joint and muscle pain	arthritis, rheumatism, musculo-skeletal	Naproxen heart risk upset stomach, not for nursing mothers
Motrin 800	ibuprofen (analgesic, antipyretic) NSAID	800 mg	3.5	(listed above)	(as above)	(as above)
Actron Orudis	ketoprofen (anti-inflammatory) NSAID	12.5 mg	3.6?	Anti-inflammatory, analgesic	arthritis	Ketoprofen side effects
Notes :	(NSAID= Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflamatory Drug) More Warnings on OTC Drugs: NSAIDS Increase Blood Pressure Aspirin and NSAIDS Cause Stomach Bleeding Resulting In Death NSAIDS Linked to Erectile Disfunction

2. PRESCRIPTION Pain Medicine
Brand Name	generic name	Dose (per pill)	PAIN RELIEF SCORE	Uses According to Label	Problems Caused
Celebrex	celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor) NSAID	100 mg 200 mg	3.7*	Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, short term pain, painful menstruation	Celebrex heart risk stomach bleeding, heart attack, stroke
Ultram	tramadol	50 mg	3.8*	Moderate pain	nausea, constipation, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, vomiting
				* Note: The scores for Celebrex and Ultram are estimates (3.7* and 3.8*). These two drugs did not exist at the time of the study.
Demerol	meperidine HCl	50 mg 100 mg	4	The opiates and synthetic opiates (from 4 down to 10) are the most effective pain killers, but they are subject to the most abuse, and prescription pain killer addiction. All the opiates and derivatives are habit-forming. The inclusion of high amounts of acetaminophen with all these medications is a rather CRUEL attempt by the pharmaceutical companies to prevent abuse, since overdosing will result in the destruction of the liver. I would describe this, at best, as "not very nice". The Puritanical ethic at work, destroying livers, and lives. "Let's kill off all the druggies." This is way beyond cynical. Knowing that these drugs are abused, and then filling them up with the poisonous acetaminophen, is criminal malfeasance by the drug companies. One more reason to prosecute them. Fed Seeks Less Acetaminophen in Combo Pain Pills - Jan. 13, 2011 FINALLY! ** The score for Norco is an estimate. It did not exist at the time of the study.
Lorcet	hydrocodone and acetaminophen	5-500 mg	5
Vicodin	hydrocodone and acetaminophen	5-500 mg	5
Lorcet Plus	hydrocodone and acetaminophen	7.5-650 mg	5.5
Vicodin ES	hydrocodone and acetaminophen	7.5-750 mg	6
Norco	hydrocodone-APAP, and acetaminophen	5-325 mg 7.5-325 mg 10-325 mg	6.5**
Lortab	hydrocodone and acetaminophen	10-500 mg	7
Vicodin HP	hydrocodone and acetaminophen	10-660 mg	7
Percocet	oxycodone HCl with acetaminophen	2.5-325 mg 5- 325 mg 7.5-325 mg 7.5-500 mg 10-325 mg 10-650 mg	7	Oxycodone is very effective. ** The score for oxycodone is an estimate. It did not exist at the time of the study.
Percodan	oxycodone HCl, oxycodone terephthalate, and aspirin	4.50 mg 0.38 mg 325 mg	7
Oxycontin 40	oxycodone HCl	40 mg	8.5
RMS MS Contin	morphine sulfate	15 mg 30 mg 60 mg 100 mg	9	Morphine may be the THIRD strongest pain relief medicine available.
Duragesic Fentora Actiq	fentanyl	Skin patch Lollipop	10	** The score for fentanyl is an estimate. It did not exist at the time of the study. Fentanyl is very effective for gunshot wounds, and fragmentation wounds. However, there have been serious problems with fentanyl dosing (overdosing). Death has resulted from simply handling the medication with the fingers. One must use great care when handling fentanyl.
Dilaudid (tabs) Palladone (caps)	hydromorphone hydrochloride AKA dihydromorphinone	1 mg 2 mg 3 mg 4 mg	11 (was 9)	I recently received a very thoughtful email from a Special Operations medic. He stated that he has extensively administered all of these top medications. He concludes that Dilaudid is several times more effective than morphine, and that it has fewer side effects, although just as serious. I have therefore moved Dilaudid to the "most-effective drug" position on the list.
Opana Opana ER	oxymorphone extended release	5 mg 10 mg 5 mg 7.5 mg 10 mg 15 mg 20 mg 30 mg 40 mg	?	3 hours (also, injection and suppository) 5 - 8 hours

Russian Cafes and Restaurants

The most famous cafes and restaurants in Moscow.

These are some of the famous eateries

• "Му-му": русская кухня
• "Mu mu" cafe: Russian cuisine
• "Ëлки-палки": русская кухня
• "Yolki-palki": Russian food
• "Тарас Бульба": украинская кухня
• "Taras Bulba": Ukrainian food
• "Шоколадница": кафе
• "Shokoladnitsa": Cafe
• "Кофе-хауз": кафе
• "Coffee House": Cafe

Let's read some menu examples with explanations

Mu-mu Cafe's menu
Салаты и закуски — Salads and snacks

Amount (grams)	Dish name in Rusian	English translation	Price (rubles)
80 гр.	Салат из свежих овощей	Fresh Vegatable Salad	51,50 р.
120 гр.	Салат «Греческий»	Greek Salad	57,50 р.
80 гр.	Салат из кальмаров	Squid Salad	59,50 р.

Супы — Soups

Amount (grams)	Dish name in Rusian	English translation	Price (rubles)
250 гр.	Гороховый суп	Pea soup	54,50 р.
270 гр.	Борщ	Beetroot soup	74,50 р.
250 гр.	Рассольник	Pickled cucumber soup	54,50 р.

Горячие блюда — Hot dishes

Amount (grams)	Dish name in Rusian	English translation	Price (rubles)
100 гр.	Рыба «Ледяная»	Fish "Ledenaya" (Icy)	110 р.
70/75/36 гр.	Курица по-мексикански	Beetroot soup	76,50 р.
110/36 гр.	Бефстроганов из говядины	Beef Stroganoff (chopped meat with a sauce)	83,50 р.

Гарниры — Garnish

Amount (grams)	Dish name in Rusian	English translation	Price (rubles)
120 гр.	Пюре картофельное	Mashed potatoes	42,00 р.
150 гр.	Картофель по-домашнему	Home-made potatoes (boiled whole potatoes with dill)	42,00 р.
150 гр.	Гречневая каша с грибами	Grechka (Buckwheat) with mushrooms	42,00 р.

Напитки — Beverages

Amount (liter)	Dish name in Rusian	English translation	Price (rubles)
0,5 л.	«Спрайт», «Фанта», «Швепс»	Sprite, Fanta, Schweppes	50 руб.
0,5 л.	Чай «Нести»	Nestea tea	100 руб.
0,5 л.	Вода «Архыз»	Still water "Arhyz"	50 руб.
0,5 л.	«Пепси»	0,23 л.	100 руб.
0,5 л.	«Кока Кола»	Coca cola	50 руб.

Десерты — Deserts

Amount (grams)	Dish name in Rusian	English translation	Price (rubles)
110 г.	Пирожное "Черничное"	Bilberry pie	139 р.
95 г.	Пирожное "Нежный капучино"	"Tender Capuchino" pie	139 р.
170 г.	Пирожное "Наполеон"	"Napoleon" pie (puff pastry with white cream)	139 р.

Russia

For centuries the world has wondered what to believe about Russia.
The country has been reported variously as a land of unbelievable riches and indescribable poverty, cruel tyrants and great minds, generous hospitality and meddlesome bureaucracy, beautiful ballets and industrial monstrosities, pious faith and unbridled hedonism.
These eternal Russian truths coexist in equally diverse landscapes of icy tundra and sun-kissed beaches, dense silver birch and fir forests as well as deep and mysterious lakes, snow-capped mountains and swaying grasslands – those famous steppes.
Factor in ancient fortresses, luxurious palaces, swirly spired churches and lost-in-time wooden villages and you’ll begin to see why Russia is simply amazing.


As a matter of fact, this is where I will be spending the next 6 years of my life...

MOSCOW

is the place where I'll be living soon in less than a month or so.

 
Moscow may occupy the number one spot, but these lists hardly capture the reality – the vitality – of the capital. Free (relatively) from the strictures of censorship and hardship, Russia’s capital city is experiencing a burst of creative energy, evident in all aspects of contemporary culture. Former factories and deserted warehouses have been converted into edgy art galleries and intriguing underground clubs. World-class venues such as the Pushkin Fine Arts Museum are experimenting and expanding. Tchaikovsky and Chekhov are well represented at Moscow theatres but you can also see world premieres by up-and-coming composers, choreographers and playwrights. Foodies flock to wine bars, coffee bars, sushi bars and even beer bars, while night owls enjoy a dynamic scene of exclusive nightclubs, bohemian art cafés, underground blues bars and drink-up dives.
The ancient city has always been a haven for history buffs. The red-brick towers of the Kremlin occupy the founding site of Moscow; churches and monuments remember fallen heroes and victorious battles; and remains of the Soviet state are scattered all around the city. Even history is being examined in innovative ways, as new museums broach subjects long brushed under the carpet.
The capital is even experiencing an unprecedented growth in birth rates (Muscovites are really getting busy). From artistry and history to recreation and procreation, Moscow is a cauldron of creativity.

I.M.Sechenov First Moscow Sate Medical University

The I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy (MMA) is the oldest and the largest national medical higher educational institution. The MMA forefather was the medical faculty of Imperial Moscow University opened by efforts of the Great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov. The first six students began their studies at the faculty in 1758. In 1930, the medical faculty was separated from Moscow State University to become the 1st Moscow Medical Institute. In 1990, in order to create perfect elite education and deeper integrated research, the country's most powerful medical institute was reorganised as the Medical Academy.

Nowadays, the Academy places the leading role in the development of medical science and training, certification, and advanced training of medical, pharmaceutical and scientific personnel. The members of the staff of the Academy are engaged as experts and consultants of the World Health Organisation. According to UNESCO international rating the Moscow Medical Academy takes the second place after Rene Descartes Academy of Medical Sciences. MMA is arguably the best medical school in Russia. The MMA Diploma is recognized by WHO and the Medical Councils of many countries. The degrees of the Academy open the doors to European countries, the USA and Canada.

The Academy comprises: 11 faculties, 115 academic departments, scientific research and clinical centres, an editorial and publishing section, 18 clinics, a library, and other subdivisions. Moscow Medical Academy has 69 buildings for studies, classrooms and lecture halls, the clinical centre with 18 diverse clinics for 3080 patients, a large united scientific centre, several research institutes, the fundamental library, the laboratories, the botanical garden, and the stadium. The total area of the Academy training and laboratory premises exceeds 200,000 sq m or 25 sq m per student. There are four student hostels for 1,770 people. The Academy has been collaborating with 40 therapeutic-prophylactic and apothecary institutions, the research centres and institutes in Moscow. About 8000 students from Russia and foreign countries have studied annually in the Academy. They are trained in Medicine, Preventive Medicine, Pharmacy, Nursing, and Dentistry (since 2001).

The I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy has gained a considerable experience in the international students training. Since 1949 to date over 2000 specialists from 87 countries have been trained there. In 2001 about 900 foreign citizens were students of the Academy. The excellent Preparatory course, the hostel with comfortable living conditions, a division with instructions conducted in English have brought the MMA training standards close to those of the best higher medical educational institutions of the member-countries of European Community.

Well, this is a general outline of Russia & MMA
There is more to come still....